WW1 in the Middle East
Do you think many of the problems from what Egypt, Syria, and Iraq have witnessed in the early 20th Century are from effects from World War One? World War One had taken effect on many of the countries surrounding it. It caused the collapse of the Ottomans empire. The war had affected political, diplomatic, military, economic and Social matters of the central lands of the Ottomans Empire, Egypt, and Iran. During the War the British Government had decided of making borders for the Middle East so they could end the fighting.
The war led to the Ottoman Empire’s collapse. The establishment of a new invented state, Iraq, created by the British out of Mesopotamia and Kurdish-occupied areas for its oil resources. The same thing happened in the Middle East. With the creation of Syria, Jordan, Lebanon and Palestine which were all part of a great barbecue divided up by the French and British as spoils of war. The borders had nothing to do with the nature of where the populations lay. The British promised the Arabs autonomy in their area. Arabs were also promised the Jews a national homeland in the Holy Land. Both unable to be fully realized. There were a lot of other reasons why there has been an enormous series of crises in the Middle East. What happened in WWI was not totally unconnected.
Between 1914 and 1918, World War I affected political, diplomatic, military, economic and social matters in Iran, Egypt, and the central lands of the Ottoman Empire. For the Ottomans the war had important effects. Since much of the fighting took place on Ottoman soil. Military casualties were immense and millions of civilians were killed in massacres or by starvation and disease. When the warfare stopped in 1918, the ordeal of the Middle East continued. As the victors sought to designate among themselves the people of the lands of occupied countries and regions. A shot fired by a Serbian nationalist group The Black Hand killed the Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria on June 28, 1914. It proved fatal as well to the Ottoman Empire, while greatly influencing Iran and Egypt. Austria-Hungary and Germany formed the Central Powers, and opposed to them were Serbia, Russia, France, and Great Britain. Many other countries were at least neutral including Italy, Bulgaria, the United States, the Ottoman Empire, and Iran.
Straight lines make uncomplicated borders this was most probably the reason why most of the lines that Mark Sykes, representing the British government and Francois Georges-Picot from the French government agreed upon in 1916 were straight ones. Mark Sykes has pointed out to the a map and told the prime minister: "I should like to draw a line from the "e" in Acre to the last "k" in Kirkuk.". Sykes and Picot were typical to being the "empire men". Believed in that the people of the Middle East should be better off with under the rule of European leader. Both men also had intimate knowledge of the Middle East. The key of the agreement they had to agree on in the turmoil of the World War One was to continue to influence in the Middle East to this day. Sykes-Picot's straight lines had proved to be extremely helpful to Britain and France in the first half of the twentieth century. Their impact on the Middle East’s people had a different opinion. The map that the two men drew divided the land that had been under Ottoman rule. Since the early 16th Century new countries have relegated these political entities to two regions of control:
The typical toll of the war was very scrutinizing to when the soldiers had came home to their country of even during the war itself. The war had impacted all the countries surrounding the war in positive ways and negative. I think that if the U.S. had never stepped into the war one there would be as many casualties and two we could have have now more allies than we do now if we weren't fighting them then and killing their men. The affect that the war had led to the collapse of the Ottomans Empire had changed many of the trading, political, diplomatic, military, economic and Social matters of the central lands of the Ottomans Empire. The war in the Middle East had changed many of the cultures and political view such as trading and how to change everything back to either normal or to a new way.
The war led to the Ottoman Empire’s collapse. The establishment of a new invented state, Iraq, created by the British out of Mesopotamia and Kurdish-occupied areas for its oil resources. The same thing happened in the Middle East. With the creation of Syria, Jordan, Lebanon and Palestine which were all part of a great barbecue divided up by the French and British as spoils of war. The borders had nothing to do with the nature of where the populations lay. The British promised the Arabs autonomy in their area. Arabs were also promised the Jews a national homeland in the Holy Land. Both unable to be fully realized. There were a lot of other reasons why there has been an enormous series of crises in the Middle East. What happened in WWI was not totally unconnected.
Between 1914 and 1918, World War I affected political, diplomatic, military, economic and social matters in Iran, Egypt, and the central lands of the Ottoman Empire. For the Ottomans the war had important effects. Since much of the fighting took place on Ottoman soil. Military casualties were immense and millions of civilians were killed in massacres or by starvation and disease. When the warfare stopped in 1918, the ordeal of the Middle East continued. As the victors sought to designate among themselves the people of the lands of occupied countries and regions. A shot fired by a Serbian nationalist group The Black Hand killed the Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria on June 28, 1914. It proved fatal as well to the Ottoman Empire, while greatly influencing Iran and Egypt. Austria-Hungary and Germany formed the Central Powers, and opposed to them were Serbia, Russia, France, and Great Britain. Many other countries were at least neutral including Italy, Bulgaria, the United States, the Ottoman Empire, and Iran.
Straight lines make uncomplicated borders this was most probably the reason why most of the lines that Mark Sykes, representing the British government and Francois Georges-Picot from the French government agreed upon in 1916 were straight ones. Mark Sykes has pointed out to the a map and told the prime minister: "I should like to draw a line from the "e" in Acre to the last "k" in Kirkuk.". Sykes and Picot were typical to being the "empire men". Believed in that the people of the Middle East should be better off with under the rule of European leader. Both men also had intimate knowledge of the Middle East. The key of the agreement they had to agree on in the turmoil of the World War One was to continue to influence in the Middle East to this day. Sykes-Picot's straight lines had proved to be extremely helpful to Britain and France in the first half of the twentieth century. Their impact on the Middle East’s people had a different opinion. The map that the two men drew divided the land that had been under Ottoman rule. Since the early 16th Century new countries have relegated these political entities to two regions of control:
- Iraq, Transjordan, and Palestine under British influence
- Syria and Lebanon and French influence
The typical toll of the war was very scrutinizing to when the soldiers had came home to their country of even during the war itself. The war had impacted all the countries surrounding the war in positive ways and negative. I think that if the U.S. had never stepped into the war one there would be as many casualties and two we could have have now more allies than we do now if we weren't fighting them then and killing their men. The affect that the war had led to the collapse of the Ottomans Empire had changed many of the trading, political, diplomatic, military, economic and Social matters of the central lands of the Ottomans Empire. The war in the Middle East had changed many of the cultures and political view such as trading and how to change everything back to either normal or to a new way.